Class 10 (Dashain assignment)

 

Section A: Short-answer questions

Answer each question in 3–6 sentences. (10 × 2 = 20 marks)

1.     State Newton's three laws of motion and give one practical example of any one law.

2.     Differentiate between scalar and vector quantities with two examples of each.

3.     What is pressure? Explain why the foundation of a building is made wider than its walls.

4.     Define work, energy and power. Write their SI units.

5.     What is the difference between refraction and reflection of light?

6.     Explain the functions of DNA and chromosomes in heredity.

7.     Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.

8.     What is a chemical reaction? Explain any two types of chemical reactions with examples.

9.     Explain how the modern periodic table is organised according to atomic number.

10.  What is global warming? Mention four measures to reduce its effects.

Section B: Scientific reasoning questions

Give a clear scientific explanation for each statement. (6 × 2 = 12 marks)

1.     A person carrying a heavy load experiences more pressure when standing on one foot than when standing on both feet.

2.     Passengers tend to move forward when a moving bus stops suddenly.

3.     A concave mirror is used by dentists to examine teeth at close range.

4. The sky appears blue during the day, while the sun often appears reddish at sunrise and sunset.

5.     Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity, whereas water containing dissolved salts conducts electricity more readily.

6.     Offspring produced by sexual reproduction show variations from their parents.

Section C: Numerical problems

Show the formula, substitution, calculation and final answer with units. (5× 3 = 15 marks)

1. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at 2.5 m/s^2 for 8 seconds. Calculate:

·       (a) Its final velocity.

·       (b) The distance travelled during this time.

2. A force of 30 N acts on a body of mass 6 kg. Calculate the acceleration produced.

3. An object of mass 4 kg is raised to a height of 5 m. Calculate its gravitational potential energy. (g=9.8 m/s²).

4. A 100 W electric bulb operates for 5 hours. Calculate the electrical energy consumed in:

·       (a) kWh

·       (b) joules

5. A resistor of resistance 12 Ω is connected to a 24 V battery. Calculate:

·       (a) The current flowing through the resistor.

·       (b) The electrical power consumed.

Section D: Multiple-choice questions (MCQs)

Choose the correct answer. (10 × 1 = 10 marks)

1. Which quantity is the rate of change of velocity?

A. Speed

B. Acceleration

C. Momentum

D. Displacement

2. The SI unit of electrical resistance is:

A. Ampere

B. Volt

C. Ohm

D. Watt

3. Which lens is used to correct myopia?

A. Convex lens

B. Concave lens

C. Cylindrical lens only

D. Plane glass

4. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of:

A. Neutrons

B. Electron shells

C. Protons

D. Nucleons

5. Which gas is released when a reactive metal reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?

A. Oxygen

B. Hydrogen

C. Nitrogen

D. Carbon dioxide

6. Which hormone helps regulate blood glucose levels?

A. Insulin

B. Adrenaline only

C. Thyroxine only

D. Oestrogen only

7. Which process produces gametes in humans?

A. Mitosis only

B. Meiosis

C. Binary fission

D. Budding

8. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Argon

9. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A. Veins

B. Arteries

C. Capillaries only

D. Lymph vessels

10. Which type of reaction releases heat to its surroundings?

A. Endothermic reaction

B. Exothermic reaction

C. Neutral observation

D. Physical measurement

Check my answers.

Section E: Diagrams and practical activities

Complete all four activities. (10 marks)

1. Draw a labelled diagram of the human heart and show the direction of blood flow.

2.  Draw ray diagrams showing image formation by a concave mirror for an object placed beyond the centre of curvature.

3. Prepare a diagram of a simple electric circuit containing a battery, switch, resistor and ammeter. Show the correct connection of a voltmeter to measure the voltage across the resistor.

4. Prepare a chart showing the first 20 elements of the periodic table with their symbols and atomic numbers.